This article include

Many people thinks how does cancer starts in the body and what is the symptoms of cancer, cancer stages and treatment of cancer if you want to know this article includes these question's answer.

What is cancer (Neoplasm)

Cancer is the abnormal growth of tissues, it is also called neoplasm.

Which means: NEO- New

PLASM-Growth

This abnormal growth of tissues in body called cancer.And this cancer can be characterised into two categories or types, these are the types of cancer cells.

Types of cancer cells are:

Benign
Malignant

What is benign neoplasm

Speed of growth is slow in benign neoplasm.

They do not infiterate to other surrounding tissue or organ.

Benign tissue growth can be differenciated with other tissues.

After surgical removal, benign tissue not comes back.

Benign growth of tissue is not metastasis means it will not spread to other surroinding tissues or organ.

What is malignant neoplasm

Speed of growth is rapid in malignant neoplasm.

They infiltrate to their surrounding tissues

It is difficult in malignant neoplasm to differentiate it with othe tissue.

It may come back, reoccurenc is common.

Malignant neoplasm is metastatic in nature it will spreads to other area of body.

Cancer

Cancer is the term which is use for describing wide variety of malignant disease.

Cancer is a disease that begins when a normal cell in human body is transformed by the genetic mutation of cellular DNA.

In cancer a new growth of tissues is seen which can be either benign or malignant in nature.

What is metastasis

Metastasis is a condition when cancer cells transfers from one place to another by the help of blood or lymph (a type of fluid in body) from its orignal place where it first occurs, and starts growing itself then it is called as metastasis.

The metastasis is generally found in malignant type of cancer.

Causes of cancer

Cancer have no specific causes but some factors which can be responsible of cancer.

Viruses

Viruses like herpes virus and human papilloma virus.

These viruses generally cause anal cancer, cervical cancer and upper airway cancer.

Chemicals

Some chemical agent can be responsible for cancer like

Cigarette smoking

Air pollution

Hormones

Some hormones that can leads to cancer like Diethylstilbestrol (DES) which is administered in pregnancy it may cause vaginal cancer in female child.

Genetic prediposition

Many peole ask is cancer genetic disease or not? Or why cancer considered a genetic disease well, genetic prediposition is seen in cancer disease.

If in a family anybody have breast cancer or retinoblastoma then there is more chances of getting cancer to sister or daughter of that lady.

Risk factor for cancer

X-rays, sunlight, radiations, radioactive isotopes.

These physical agents can cause cancer in a person.

Chateristics of cancer cells

Cancerous cells have spaecifc chateristics compare to normal cells.

Cancer cells divide or multiply in abnormal manner.

Cancer cells are usually large in size compare to normal cells.

Cancer cells are different in size and shape they dont show similarity one cancer cell will be different from another.

They make space and take nutrition from host and do not give anything in return.

They compress the normal cells in the body and keep continue to grow and adapt to any part of body.

Metastasis is normally found in cancerous cells.

Symptoms

What are the symptoms of having cancer?

Well, Symtomps can be manifested related to the system involved and degree of disruption.

Some symtoms are:

Anemia
Weakness
Weight loss
Difficulty in swallowing (in case of larynx cancer)
Pain
Anorexia
Excess adrenal steroid production

Some key sign of cancer

Change in bowel and bladder habit.
Sore that not healing.
Unusual bleedings or discharge.
Thickening or lump formation in breast or inbany other part of body.
Nagging cough or hoarness in voice.
Unexplained weight loss which have no reason.

Stages of cancer

Stage 0: Cancer is present in particular space called situ.

Stage 1: Cancer is localized only in one part of body and can be sugically removed if small in this stage.

Stage 2: In this stage also cancer is localized but gets advanced, in this stage it can be treated with chemotherapy, radiation etc.

Stage 3: It is also advanced stage that affects lymphnodes this stage can also be treated by chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.

Stage 4: Cancer have often metastasized

and spread to other organ or may be throughout the body.

Treatment of cancer

Many types of treatment is present for cancer according to there type or stage.

Surgery

Surgery can be perform by doctor for preventive, diagnostic, Curative purpose in cancer.

Like In benign cancer or tumor preventive surgery can be done because it will not reoccur because it is not metastatic in nature.

In diagnotic surgery a part of tissue is removed for diagnosis.

Removal of malignant tumor before metastasis, this is done for curative sugery.

Palliative surgery is done when the condition is out of control and this is only done for conrolling the symptoms of cancer by which the person can lelief from pain only.

Radiation therapy

Under radiation therapy, radioactive iàsotopes beam radiation is directed at a diseased part from a distence or,

May be radioactive material in the form of needle, wires or pellets is planted in the body by which cancer cells arw destroyed.

The goal of this therapy is to damage the growth of cancer cells, to shrink large tumors before surgeries or to relieve pain.

Chemotherapy

In Chemotherapy different types of medicines are used, chemotherapy destroy the tumor or cancer cells without destroying normal cells.

Some side effects of chemotherapy :

Loss of hair

Weight gain

Nausea or vomitting

Hormonal therapy

In case of cancer of uterus, breast or prosted hormnal therapy is given like estrogen and progesterone.

Bone Merrow transplant

Bone merrow transplant is a procedure to replace damaged bone merrow with healthy bone merrow stem cells.

Stem cells are immature cells in the bone marrow that increses the blood cells.

What is Cancer|Types|Causes|Symptoms|Treatment