Peptic ulcer is the gastrointestinal problem which affects the stomach, duodenum and Oesophagus.Many peolpe are suffering from this condition and have different reason of occurring this condition within them so, let know what is exaclty the peptic ulcer and the various reasons for it occurrence in a person.
Excessive intake of caffine or alcohol and
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| Peptic ulcer |
What is peptic ulcer?
Peptic ulcer is the disorder in which the stomach, duodenum and Oesophagus are affected.
Osophagus, stomach and duodenum are the organs through which food travells from mouth to intestines.
And these organs are made up of many layers of tissues which protect these organs and helps in its proper funtioning.
But, when these layer of tissues on the stomach, Oesophagus and doudenum are getting destroy or getting breach then the problem of pepetic ulcer occurs.
These organs have inner layer called mucous membrane, in the peptic ulcer this layer starts to breakdown due to high concentration of acid in stomach that leads to peptic ulcers.
Role Hydrochloric acid in stomach
The hydrochloric acid helps in providing acidic medium in stomach for proper digestion and converts pepsinogen into pepsin ( a type of gastric juice) and killed the ingested microbes if it releases in a required quantity.
Types of peptic ulcers
Three types of peptic ulcers can occurs.
- Gastric ulcer
- Duodenal ulcer
- Oesohageal ulcer
Gastric ulcers
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| Peptic ulcer in stomach |
In this type of ulcer the inner mucous membrane of stomach gets break due to injuries.When we take substances like coffee, tea, alchohol and some drugs ( NSAIDs) in excessive quantity then the secreation of acid in the stomach called hydrochloric acid is increased.Which breakdown mucus membrane and then acid enters into next layer of stomach and creates ulcer.
Doidenal ulcer
This occurs in the duodenum part of digestive tract that's why it is called duodenal ulcer.This occurs due to excessive fasting, during excessive fasting the vagus nerve is stimulates and increased the gastric secreation, then the level of HCL increases that leads to duodenal ulcer.
Oesophageal ulcer
This occurs in Oesophagus part of G.I tract in this type also the mucous of Oesophagus destroy due to reflux of hydrochloric acid from stomach.
When the level of hydrochloric acid becomes high or in high quantity in stomach then it reflux upper side and affects the lower part of Oesophagus.
Cause of peptic ulcer
Some common cause are.
Genetic
- Gentic factor can also cause this like if someone has familiy history for this condition due to genetic makeup.
Emotional sterss
- Excessives stress causes release of excessive HCL that leads to ulcer formation.
Infection by bacteria
- Infection can also destroy the inner layer of stomach.
Excessive intake of caffine or alcohol and
Some drugs NSAIDs.
- Excessive level of these substances in the stomach causes realse of excessive acid in stomach that lead to ulcer formation.
Symptoms of peptic ulcers
- Pain in the upper side of of stomach (epigastric region)
- Nausea
- Vomiting ( some time with blood)
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Indigestion
- Blood in stool
Complication of peptic ulcer
Excessive bleeding can occure in vomiting or stool if the ulcer is progressed.
Obstruction in the G.I tract can also occur.
The management of peptic ulcer
- Your doctor may suggest you these drugs:
- Antimicrobial drugs like metronidazole or metrogyl in case of bacterial infection .
- H2-blockers that blocks the receptors of h2 and decreases the secreation of acid in stomach.
- Antacid for neutralizing the effect of acid in stomach like calcium carnomate, aluminium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate.
Management of pepetic ulcer at home
- You can do following thing at home to reduce the chances of major complications.
- Avoid spicy food, spicy food irritates the injured mucosa of your stomach and can lead to more secreation of acid so try to take food with no spices or little spices.
- Avoid intake of alcohol, tea, coffee in excessive quantity if you have problem of acidity. Because after consuming these substances in high quantity gastric acid releases in abnormally high quantity.
- Take food in little quantity in the interval of shorts periods in three to two times.This practice will reduces the high quantity release of HCL.
- Take fluids or water as much as possible.
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